After years of delays, Pakistan is finally moving forward with its Mobile Virtual Network Operator (MVNO) policy. Approved by the Ministry of Law and Justice and reviewed by the IT Ministry, the framework now awaits federal cabinet approval. MVNOs, which offer mobile services without owning physical infrastructure, could reshape Pakistan’s telecom market by boosting competition and innovation.
Key changes include lowering the license fee from $5 million to $140,000 and extending license duration to 15 years—moves designed to attract startups and global players. The model encourages better customer service and tailored packages for different user groups, including digital-only and rural consumers.
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However, concerns persist. Existing network quality is poor, and MVNOs will rely on these underperforming systems. Without incentives or mandates, MVNOs may avoid rural areas, undermining the goal of digital inclusion. The policy also lacks enforceable service quality standards and risks market saturation if operators offer similar packages without real differentiation.
To succeed, experts suggest stricter QoS enforcement, rural-focused licensing, infrastructure-sharing regulations, and annual policy reviews. These steps are essential to make the MVNO policy a meaningful reform rather than a missed opportunity.
